Research Themes +
Energy Technologies Area (ETA) researchers are continually building on the strong scientific foundation we have developed over the past 50 years. We address the world’s most pressing scientific challenges across the buildings, transportation, and industrial sectors. ETA is at the forefront of improving the country's aging electrical grid and innovating distributed energy and storage solutions; developing grid-integrated building systems; and providing the most comprehensive market and data analysis worldwide.
Publications
News +
For media inquiries, please email:

[email protected]
About Us +
The Energy Technologies Area (ETA) is unique in translating fundamental scientific discoveries into scalable technology adoption. Our approach combines an understanding of the marketplace and the role of state and federal regulation and policies. ETA's research drives real-world, practical results that affect and improve the everyday lives of Americans and those across the globe. Saving energy and increasing reliability are key to the foundation of our research, which is driven by techno-economic analysis and in-lab experimentation and discovery.

Publications

Publications by Research Area

Demand Response

Energy Markets & Planning

Energy Efficiency

Industrial Energy Analysis

Systems and Energy Technologies Analysis

Publications by Division

Building & Industrial Energy Systems (BIES)

Energy Analysis (EA)

Energy Technologies & Systems (ETS)

2025

Fuchs, Heidi, Unique Karki, Arman Shehabi, Tiana Nishime, and Prakash Rao."Geographic, sectoral, and constituent characteristics of US off‐site manufacturing wastewater disposal."Journal of Industrial Ecology 29.6 (2025) 2442-2456. DOI

Wesselkaemper, Jannis, Alex C Newkirk, Thomas P Hendrickson, Nadiyah Helal, Prakash Rao, Sarah Josephine Smith, and Andrew Z Haddad."Enhancing supply resilience for critical materials: case study of gallium supply in the United States."Resources, Conservation and Recycling 222 (2025) 108436. DOI

Rao, Prakash, Heidi Fuchs, Amal Alsaffar, Kristina Armstrong, Sravan Chalasani, Sujit Das, Susana Garcia Gonzalez, Diane J Graziano, Unique Karki, Mini Malhotra, James McCall, Sachin Nimbalkar, Frédéric Petit, Lino Sanchez, Rob Spencer, Sarang Supekar, and Kiran Thirumaran."Advancing Manufacturing Water Resilience: Addressing Risks through New Approaches and Technologies." (2025). DOI

Office, U.S Department of Energy Industrial Efficiency and Decarbonization, Jibran Zuberi, Unique Karki, Prakash Rao, Peng Peng, Tae-Hwan Lim, Arman Shehabi, and Heidi Fuchs."Transformative Pathways for U.S. Industry: Unlocking American Innovation." (2025). DOI

Earni, Shankar, Alex Hubbard, Amy Pevzner, Paul Sheaffer, Prakash Rao, Sean Wynne, and Ross Charland."Field Validation of Thermoelectric Generation System at Holcim Cement Plant in Alpena, Michigan." (2025). DOI

Rao, Prakash, Thomas P Hendrickson, Elizabeth Wachs, Shubhankar Upasani, and Alberta Carpenter."Testing a method for developing facility-level greenhouse gas emissions intensities of U.S. traded goods." (2025).

2024

Zuberi, Jibran, Arman Shehabi, and Prakash Rao."Cross-sectoral assessment of CO2 capture from U.S. industrial flue gases for fuels and chemicals manufacture."International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 135 (2024) 104137. DOI

Earni, Shankar, Amy Pevzner, Paul Sheaffer, Prakash Rao, Jeff Davis, Josh Weissert, Mike Christianson, and Katie Roessler."FIELD VALIDATION OF A Pilot-Scale Black Liquor Membrane for Water Removal at a Paper Mill." (2024). DOI

Earni, Shankar, Amy Pevzner, Paul Sheaffer, Prakash Rao, Jeff Davis, Josh Weissert, Mike Christianson, and Katie Roessler."Field Validation of a Pilot-scale Black Liquor Membrane for Water Removal at Ahlstrom-Munksjö Paper Mill in Mosinee, WI." (2024).

Earni, Shankar, Amy Pevzner, Unique Karki, Prakash Rao, Ross Charland, and Josh Weissert."FIELD VALIDATION OF Electrochemical Water Filtration System on an Open Loop Cooling Tower at Automotive Plants." (2024). DOI

Earni, Shankar, Amy Pevzner, Paul Sheaffer, Prakash Rao, Ross Charland, and Josh Weissert."Field Validation of Electrochemical Water Filtration System on an Open Loop Cooling Tower at Nissan Manufacturing Plant in Canton, Mississippi." (2024). DOI

Earni, Shankar, Amy Pevzner, Unique Karki, Prakash Rao, Ross Charland, and Josh Weissert."Field Validation of Electrochemical Water Filtration System on an Open Loop Cooling Tower at Toyota Motor Manufacturing Plant in Blue Springs,Mississippi." (2024).

Earni, Shankar, Amy Pevzner, Unique Karki, Paul Sheaffer, Prakash Rao, CD Nayak, and Amit Kanungo."FIELD VALIDATION OF Electrocoagulation Treatment for Oily Wastewater at a Steel Mill." (2024). DOI

Earni, Shankar, Amy Pevzner, Unique Karki, Paul Sheaffer, Prakash Rao, CD Nayak, and Amit Kanungo."Field Validation of Electrocoagulation Treatment for Oily Wastewater at Cleveland-Cliffs Steel Mill in Cleveland, Ohio." (2024).

2023

Karki, Unique, and Prakash Rao."Techno-economic analysis of the water, energy, and greenhouse gas emissions impacts from the adoption of water efficiency practices in the U.S. manufacturing sector."Resources, Conservation and Recycling 196 (2023) 107054. DOI

Das, Sujit, Heidi Fuchs, Ritu Philip, and Prakash Rao."A review of water valuation metrics: Supporting sustainable water use in manufacturing."Water Resources and Industry 29 (2023) 100199. DOI

Fitzgerald, Patrick, Peter L Therkelsen, Paul Sheaffer, and Prakash Rao."Deeper and persistent energy savings and carbon dioxide reductions achieved through ISO 50001 in the manufacturing sector."Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 57 (2023) 103280. DOI

2022

Moudio, Marie Pelagie Elimbi, Richard Bolin, Alberta Carpenter, Samantha Bench Reese, Arman Shehabi, and Prakash Rao."Characterizing manufacturing sector disruptions with targeted mitigation strategiesAbstract."Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability 2.4 (2022) 042001. DOI

Rao, Prakash, Paul Sheaffer, Yuting Chen, Unique Karki, and Patrick Fitzgerald."U.S. Industrial and Commercial Motor System Market Assessment Report Volume 3: Energy Saving Opportunity." (2022). DOI

2021

Fuchs, Heidi, and Prakash Rao."Survey of Available Information on U.S. Manufacturing Wastewater and Energy Requirements for Reuse." (2021). DOI

Newkirk, Alexander, Prakash Rao, and Paul Sheaffer."U.S. Industrial and Commercial Motor System Market Assessment Report Volume 2: Advanced Motors and Drives Supply Chain Review." (2021). DOI

McCall, James, Prakash Rao, Susana Garcia Gonzalez, Sachin Nimbalkar, Sujit Das, Sarang Supekar, and Joe Cresko."U.S. Manufacturing Water Use Data and Estimates: Current State, Limitations, and Future Needs for Supporting Manufacturing Research and Development."ACS ES&T Water (2021). DOI

Fuchs, Heidi, and Prakash Rao."Characterizing manufacturing wastewater in the United States for the purpose of analyzing energy requirements for reuse."Journal of Industrial Ecology (2021). DOI

Booten, Chuck, Prakash Rao, Vi H Rapp, Roderick Jackson, and Ravi S Prasher."Theoretical Minimum Thermal Load in Buildings."Joule 5.1 (2021) 24 - 46. DOI